The natural olive tree in Romans 11 is Israel.” The wild olive tree is the Gentiles.

The branches that were broken off from the natural olive tree (Israel) are Jews who reject Jesus the Messiah. The branches that were not broken off refer to the remnant of believing Jews. The branches (taken from the wild olive tree) which are grafted into the natural olive tree, are Gentiles who believe in Jesus Christ

If the natural branches which were broken off turn from their unbelief and believe the gospel, they will be grafted back into their own tree. Therefore they will be grafted in with believing Jews and Gentiles who trust in the Messiah. This is Israel of the New Covenant and this is the body of Christ. They are one in the same.

Paul’s theology in Romans 11 is not about ethnic Israel, because Gentiles have not been grafted into ethnic Israel. Those who are ethnic Israel, who do not believe, have been cut off from their tree which is the true Israel which belongs to God, i.e. the body of believers in Jesus Christ.

In Christ, Israel is the temple of God, the body of Christ, the redeemed, a chosen generation, a special bought people.

Israel consists of Jews and Gentiles in one body. If there is to be a national turning to of Israel just prior to the coming of the Lord as many believe, then what will happen to those Jews who are saved at the coming of the Lord?

They will be baptized into the one body of Christ, i.e. the church!

For we were all baptized by one Spirit so as to form one body—whether JEWS or Gentiles, slave or free—and we were all given the one Spirit to drink (1 Corinthians 12:13).

All Jews who are born again or ever will be born again are grafted back into their tree which is the church. God does not have two covenant people, He has only one!

Through the gospel, the Gentiles are now heirs together with Israel, members together of one body, and sharers together in the promise in Christ Jesus (Ephesians 3;6). This is the mystery which was hidden in previous ages but is now revealed through the preaching of the gospel of Jesus Christ.

Jews must be born again to see the Kingdom of God and when they are born again, they are baptized into the same body that Gentiles are baptized into and together Jews and Gentiles drink from one Spirit.

For Moses said, ‘The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your own people; you must listen to everything he tells you. Anyone who does not listen to him will be completely cut off from their people.’ (Acts 3:22-23).

Jews who do not submit to Jesus are completely cut off from being God’s people; those who submit to the Jesus are baptized into His body, the church!